An assessment of woody species variation in coffee agroforestry systems in Ethiopia. From 90 plots, 27 woody species were recorded in natural forest, semi-forest, and homegarden coffee systems of the Yayu Coffee Forest Biosphere Reserve.

Natural forest coffee showed the highest biodiversity, structural complexity, and shade-tree regeneration. Semi-forest coffee was similar structurally, while homegarden coffee had significantly lower diversity. Similarity indices showed strong species overlap between natural and semi-forest systems, confirming their key role in biodiversity conservation.